The term refers to a civilization that flourished in central Mexico between the 14th and 16th centuries. This powerful pre-Columbian society was characterized by its sophisticated agricultural practices, complex social hierarchy, intricate religious beliefs including human sacrifice, and impressive architectural achievements such as the city of Tenochtitlan. Example: The Triple Alliance, formed by Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan, propelled this group to regional dominance.
Understanding this civilization is vital for comprehending the broader historical narratives of the Americas before European contact. Its study provides insights into state formation, economic systems, cultural development, and the impact of empires on diverse populations. Further, an examination reveals the dynamics of interactions between different societies and the consequences of conquest and cultural exchange in the pre-modern world.