The National Institutes of Health (NIH) defines a research study in which human participants are assigned to interventions to evaluate the effects of those interventions on health outcomes as a specific type of investigation. These interventions encompass drugs, biologics, devices, behavioral changes, or other strategies. For example, a study might assess the effectiveness of a new medication in treating a particular disease, comparing the outcomes of participants receiving the medication to those receiving a placebo or a standard treatment.
This type of health-related research is crucial for advancing medical knowledge and improving patient care. It provides a structured and controlled environment to determine whether a new intervention is safe and effective. Historically, such investigations have led to significant breakthroughs in treating and preventing diseases, contributing to improved public health. Rigorous oversight and ethical guidelines are paramount in conducting these studies, safeguarding the well-being and rights of participants.
