This neurological syndrome is characterized by involuntary, repetitive body movements. These movements frequently affect the lower face, causing grimacing, lip smacking, and tongue thrusting. The condition is primarily associated with prolonged use of dopamine receptor blocking agents, often prescribed to manage psychotic disorders. An illustrative example would be an individual, treated over several years with antipsychotic medication, who begins exhibiting involuntary movements such as lip puckering and facial tics, even after the medication is discontinued.
Understanding this condition is crucial within the context of psychology, particularly when studying the biological bases of behavior and the unintended consequences of psychopharmacological interventions. Awareness of this potential side effect allows mental health professionals to weigh the benefits of medication against potential risks, to monitor patients for early signs of the disorder, and to explore alternative treatment strategies when appropriate. Historically, this syndrome’s emergence highlighted the need for more selective medications and emphasized the importance of informed consent in psychiatric treatment.
