The term describes the process by which air-filled spaces develop within the bones of the skull, specifically referring to the paranasal sinuses. This process involves the replacement of bone marrow with air-containing cavities lined by respiratory epithelium. A common example is the expansion of the maxillary sinus into the body of the maxilla, a developmental change that continues from childhood into adulthood.
Adequate development of these air spaces is crucial for several physiological functions, including reducing the weight of the skull, contributing to voice resonance, and providing insulation for sensitive structures like the brain and eyes. Furthermore, it can influence facial growth patterns. Aberrant development, whether excessive or deficient, can be associated with various clinical conditions, necessitating careful evaluation and management.
