A non-traditional work schedule encompassing hours outside the typical 9-to-5 workday, often involving rotating shifts, night shifts, or early morning shifts, impacts cognitive processes and psychological well-being. This type of employment disrupts circadian rhythms, the body’s natural sleep-wake cycle, potentially leading to sleep deprivation and associated negative consequences. For example, a healthcare professional working alternating day and night shifts is engaged in this form of work.
The relevance of understanding these atypical schedules within psychology lies in its connection to various health and performance outcomes. Alterations to the sleep-wake cycle can contribute to impaired attention, decreased alertness, and increased risk of errors, especially in safety-sensitive occupations. Furthermore, chronic disruption of circadian rhythms is associated with a higher prevalence of mood disorders, cardiovascular problems, and gastrointestinal issues. Historically, the study of these work arrangements gained prominence with the rise of industrialized societies and the need for 24/7 operations.