A defining characteristic of matter in the solid state is its resistance to deformation. This inherent property manifests as a fixed form and a specific spatial extent that remains constant unless acted upon by external forces. Common examples include a rock, a piece of wood, or a metal block; these retain their form and occupy a consistent amount of space.
The constancy of form and spatial extent in solid matter is fundamental to structural integrity and functionality across numerous applications. This stability allows for the construction of buildings, the fabrication of tools, and the creation of intricate machinery. Historically, the understanding and manipulation of these properties have been essential for technological advancement, from the earliest stone tools to modern microelectronics.