The term refers to a type of apple, specifically one that has become shriveled and wrinkled in appearance. Shakespeare used this descriptor metaphorically in his plays, often to depict characters or situations marked by age, decay, or a generally unappealing state. The image evoked is that of something once fresh and vibrant, now withered and past its prime. Consider, for example, how such imagery might be used to describe an aging character losing their attractiveness or influence.
The significance of this descriptor lies in its ability to quickly and vividly convey a sense of decline or degeneration. It provides a concise and impactful way to symbolize the effects of time or misfortune on individuals or circumstances. The historical context is rooted in the common knowledge of apple varieties and their aging process within Shakespeare’s era. Audiences of the time would have readily understood the implications of comparing something to this specific kind of aged fruit.