The term describes the supernatural appreciation of faith on the part of the whole people of God, when they show a universal agreement in matters of faith and morals. This collective discernment, guided by the Holy Spirit, allows the faithful to recognize and receive authentic Christian doctrine. It is not simply a matter of popular opinion or sociological survey, but rather a spiritual capacity to perceive truth. For example, the consistent and widespread belief in the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist throughout the Church’s history, even amidst periods of theological debate, can be seen as an expression of this shared understanding.
Recognition of this concept holds significant value within theological discourse. It serves as a check on individual interpretations and ensures fidelity to the received Tradition. Historically, it has played a crucial role in the development and acceptance of dogmas, as theologians and Church leaders have consulted the beliefs and practices of the faithful to ensure alignment with genuine Christian understanding. By acknowledging the collective wisdom of the believers, the Church can avoid the pitfalls of elitism or intellectual arrogance and maintain a humble posture of learning and discernment.
