The process of dividing the number of representatives in the U.S. House of Representatives among the states is known as reapportionment. This occurs every ten years, following the national census, to ensure that each state’s representation accurately reflects its population. For example, if a state’s population has grown significantly relative to other states, it may gain a seat in the House. Conversely, a state with slower population growth may lose a seat.
This adjustment is crucial for maintaining the principle of equal representation. It ensures that each citizen’s vote carries roughly the same weight, regardless of their state of residence. Historically, the process has been a source of political contention, as shifts in representation can impact the balance of power in Congress. States gaining seats often experience increased influence, while those losing seats may see their political clout diminish.
