The period encompassing conception to birth represents a critical phase of human growth. Within the context of Advanced Placement Psychology, understanding this period involves recognizing the distinct stages of zygotic, embryonic, and fetal maturation and the associated influences that impact the developing organism. These influences include both genetic predispositions and environmental factors, such as teratogens, which can negatively affect development. For example, exposure to alcohol during this sensitive time can lead to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, demonstrating the profound and lasting effects of environmental factors.
Analyzing this period is essential in psychology because it lays the groundwork for subsequent physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development. Insights gained from studying this developmental stage contribute to a better understanding of developmental disorders, inform interventions aimed at promoting healthy pregnancies, and provide a foundation for theories of human development. Historically, studying this has evolved with advancements in technology, allowing researchers to observe and analyze fetal development with increasing precision.
