The term encompasses the description of a manufactured substance created from two or more distinct constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties. When combined, these elements produce a material with characteristics unlike those of the individual components. However, imperfections and flaws can arise during the manufacturing or service life of these advanced materials. These can take the form of separation between layers within the structure, the presence of foreign matter embedded within the matrix, or void spaces distributed throughout the material volume.
Understanding these imperfections is critical for predicting the performance and lifespan of the finished product. These irregularities can significantly reduce the structural integrity and overall reliability of the substance, leading to premature failure or compromised functionality in load bearing, structural, or aesthetic applications. Historical analysis reveals a constant drive towards minimizing these defects through improved manufacturing processes, material selection, and rigorous quality control procedures.
