The concept denotes the doctrine within the Catholic Church that the Pope, by reason of his office as Vicar of Christ and as pastor of the entire Church, has full, supreme, and universal power over the whole Church, a power which he can always exercise unhindered. This encompasses authority in matters of faith, morals, discipline, and governance. A historical example includes papal pronouncements influencing political decisions in medieval Europe.
This doctrine played a significant role in shaping the historical development of the Church and its relationship with secular powers. Its benefits, according to proponents, include ensuring doctrinal unity, providing clear leadership, and acting as a moral compass for believers. Historically, it has served as a focal point of both acceptance and contention, shaping the landscape of religious and political power dynamics throughout centuries.
