A fundamental component of the nervous system, this specialized cell transmits information throughout the body and brain in electrical and chemical forms. These cells are responsible for communication networks that underpin thought, emotion, and behavior. A typical example involves sensory input from the environment being converted into electrical signals, which are then relayed along a chain of these cells to the brain for processing, ultimately leading to a response.
Grasping the nature and function of these cells is critical for comprehending various psychological phenomena. It provides a biological foundation for understanding how the brain processes information, learns, and adapts. Historically, understanding these cells has evolved from early anatomical studies to modern neuroimaging techniques that allow researchers to observe their activity in real-time, leading to significant advancements in the treatment of neurological and psychological disorders.
