The concept refers to fundamental entitlements inherent to all individuals by virtue of their humanity, preceding any government or societal structure. These rights are often considered universal, inalienable, and not dependent on citizenship, ethnicity, or any other particular characteristic. Examples often include the rights to life, liberty, and property.
The significance of this concept lies in its influence on the foundation of constitutional governments. It provides a philosophical basis for limiting governmental power and safeguarding individual autonomy. Historically, assertions of these entitlements have fueled revolutions and social movements aimed at securing individual freedoms and preventing governmental overreach. They are considered crucial for protecting citizens from tyranny and ensuring a just society.