The International Council of Museums (ICOM) provides a widely recognized and respected framework that delineates the characteristics and functions of institutions considered museums. This framework undergoes periodic review and revision to remain relevant within the evolving landscape of cultural heritage and societal needs. At its core, it outlines the criteria an entity must meet to be classified as a museum, emphasizing aspects such as acquisition, preservation, research, and communication of tangible and intangible heritage for education, study, and enjoyment. For example, an institution that primarily functions as a retail outlet, even if it displays historical artifacts, may not fulfill the established framework unless it demonstrably prioritizes its educational and research mandates.
Adherence to this globally recognized framework offers numerous advantages. It provides a benchmark for professional standards within the museum sector, fostering credibility and public trust. It informs policy decisions related to funding, accreditation, and international collaborations. The historical context of the framework’s development reveals a continuing effort to align museum practices with ethical principles and contemporary understanding of cultural stewardship. The framework enables these institutions to operate with greater clarity of purpose, ultimately benefiting both the cultural heritage they safeguard and the communities they serve.
