The concept in question, often encountered in Advanced Placement Government courses, describes a model of governance where a small minority, typically those holding economic or political power, exert disproportionate influence on policy-making. In this system, citizen participation is limited, and decisions are often made by elites who are believed to be best equipped to govern. A historical example can be observed in early 20th-century America, where industrialists and political bosses wielded significant power in shaping legislation and public opinion, often eclipsing the influence of the average citizen.
This model is significant because it challenges the ideals of pure democracy where every citizen has an equal voice. Proponents argue that it allows for more efficient and informed decision-making, as elites possess specialized knowledge and experience. Furthermore, it can provide stability by insulating policy from the whims of public opinion. However, critics contend that it can lead to inequality, corruption, and a lack of responsiveness to the needs of the broader population, potentially undermining democratic principles and social justice.
