The term refers to the activities that bring income into a community from outside its borders. These activities form the foundation upon which the local economy is built. For instance, a manufacturing plant exporting goods internationally, a university attracting students from other regions, or a tourist destination drawing visitors are all examples. The money generated by these sources circulates within the local economy, supporting local businesses and creating jobs.
Understanding this foundational element is vital for local development and strategic planning. A strong one allows a community to thrive, providing resources for public services, infrastructure improvements, and a higher quality of life. Historically, communities have risen and fallen based on the strength and diversification of these activities. Concentrating solely on one sector can leave a region vulnerable to economic downturns if that sector declines.