The era in Chinese history following the Tang Dynasty and preceding the Yuan Dynasty (960-1279 CE), marked by significant advancements in technology, economics, and culture. It is an essential topic in the Advanced Placement World History curriculum, encompassing both the Northern and Southern periods. Examination often requires students to understand its achievements and continuities/changes from preceding dynasties.
This period’s significance stems from its economic revolution, including innovations in agriculture (Champa rice), manufacturing (iron and steel), and commerce (paper money, Grand Canal improvements). Socially, Neo-Confucianism gained prominence, impacting gender roles and the examination system. Understanding these aspects is vital for contextualizing China’s influence on surrounding regions and its internal developments that shaped later dynasties. Its focus lies on technological prowess and economic advancement alongside cultural evolution and social adjustments.