In legal proceedings, two primary parties are readily identified: the individual or entity accused of wrongdoing and the party initiating the legal action. The former, known as the accused, faces allegations of liability. Conversely, the latter, referred to as the claimant, seeks remedy for perceived harm. For example, in a vehicular accident case, the person alleged to have caused the collision is the subject of the defense, while the injured party who files the lawsuit is the pursuer of justice.
Understanding the distinction between these roles is fundamental to comprehending the adversarial nature of the legal system. This differentiation underpins due process and ensures that each side has the opportunity to present their case. Historically, this framework evolved to provide a structured method for resolving disputes and maintaining order within society, ensuring accountability and seeking restitution where warranted. It is the cornerstone for fair trials and just outcomes.