Subsurface oceanic flows constitute a significant component of global ocean circulation, characterized by density-driven movements of water masses at considerable depths. These flows are primarily influenced by variations in water density, which is a function of temperature and salinity. As colder, saltier water is denser, it sinks and initiates these underwater streams. An example is the Antarctic Bottom Water, formed near the Antarctic continent, which then spreads northward along the ocean floor.
These density-driven ocean movements are vital for distributing heat, nutrients, and dissolved gases around the planet. This distribution significantly influences regional climates and marine ecosystems. Historically, understanding these currents has been crucial for navigation, resource management, and predicting long-term climate patterns. Disruptions to these flows can have profound consequences on global weather systems and marine life.
