A complex community of microorganisms, primarily bacteria, adhering to a surface and encased in a self-produced extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, represents a significant factor in oral health. This matrix, composed of polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids, provides a protective barrier against antimicrobial agents and host defense mechanisms. An example within the oral cavity is dental plaque, which can lead to dental caries and periodontal diseases if not properly managed.
Understanding the formation, composition, and behavior of these microbial communities is critical for effective prevention and treatment strategies. Their resilience and ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions necessitate a multi-faceted approach to disrupt and control their pathogenic potential. Historically, mechanical removal was the primary method, but modern dentistry emphasizes a comprehensive strategy that includes chemical and biological interventions.
