The term signifies a low, continuous sound, often expressing discontent or complaint, particularly in a subdued or private manner. Biblical accounts frequently portray this action as an expression of dissatisfaction against authority, especially against God or divinely appointed leaders like Moses. For example, the Israelites, during their wilderness wanderings, repeatedly voiced their unhappiness with the provision of food and water through such expressions.
Understanding this behavior is vital for interpreting narratives within the Old Testament. It reveals the challenges faced by individuals and communities grappling with hardship and uncertainty. Furthermore, it underscores a recurring theme of testing faith and obedience. The consequences of such discontentment, as depicted in these narratives, often served as cautionary tales, highlighting the importance of trust and submission to divine guidance. The historical context of these events, often set during periods of immense societal or environmental stress, adds weight to the significance of understanding such expressions of grievance.
Subsequent sections will delve further into specific instances of this behavior within biblical scripture, analyze the underlying causes of such discontent, and explore the theological implications associated with it. An examination of the responses to these expressions of grievance, both divine and human, will provide a more comprehensive understanding of its role within the biblical narrative.
1. Discontent expression
Discontent expression forms an integral element of the behavior as portrayed in biblical scripture. The act of voicing dissatisfaction, whether through subdued complaints or outright grievances, constitutes the outward manifestation of an internal state of unease or distrust. The biblical narratives frequently depict the object of this discontent as being either God, divine representatives such as Moses, or the circumstances imposed upon individuals or groups. The expression itself serves as evidence of a divergence between perceived needs or expectations and the actual realities experienced. For example, when the Israelites voiced their displeasure about the lack of palatable food in the wilderness (Numbers 11:4-6), this outward display of discontent reflected a deeper longing for the perceived comforts of their past and a lack of faith in God’s provision for their future.
Analyzing these instances reveals the critical role that expression plays. Suppressed discontent may lead to internal strife or a build-up of resentment, while openly expressed dissatisfaction presents an opportunity for addressing the underlying concerns. In the biblical context, these expressions often prompted divine responses, ranging from compassionate provision to disciplinary action. The manner in which dissatisfaction is voiced also carries significance; subtle grumbling differs greatly from open rebellion in both its intent and its potential consequences. Understanding the nuances of discontent expression allows for a more complete interpretation of the historical events and the theological messages conveyed.
In conclusion, the expression of discontent is not merely a peripheral aspect, but rather a core component of this concept in biblical texts. It reveals the internal state of individuals and communities, highlights the nature of their relationship with divine authority, and prompts action that shapes the course of events. Recognizing the significance of this expression is essential for grasping the full implications of the narrative and its enduring lessons concerning faith, obedience, and the consequences of doubt.
2. Subdued complaint
Subdued complaint represents a key element in understanding the broader scope of the term within biblical texts. It is a specific form of expressing dissatisfaction that manifests as a low, often muttered expression of discontent, distinguishable from open rebellion or direct confrontation. Its subtle nature allows it to permeate a community, potentially undermining morale and trust in leadership or divine guidance.
-
Undermining Authority
Subdued complaints, while seemingly innocuous, can subtly erode trust in established authority, particularly when directed towards divinely appointed leaders. Examples include whispered doubts about Moses’ leadership during the wilderness wanderings. These complaints, though not overtly rebellious, create an atmosphere of distrust that can challenge the overall stability of the community and hinder the collective pursuit of its goals.
-
Erosion of Faith
A critical aspect of subdued complaints is their capacity to diminish faith, especially during challenging periods. The Israelites, facing harsh conditions in the desert, engaged in quiet grumbling that reflected a lack of faith in God’s promises and provision. This erosion of faith, fueled by persistent, low-level discontent, undermined their spiritual resilience and their ability to overcome obstacles.
-
Spread of Negativity
The insidious nature of subdued complaints lies in their ability to spread negativity within a community. Because these complaints are often whispered and circulated privately, they can foster an environment of cynicism and distrust, making it difficult for positive messages or leadership to resonate. This can result in a divided and disheartened populace.
-
Hidden Resentment
Subdued complaints frequently mask deeper resentment towards authority or circumstances. These undercurrents of discontent can fester and erupt into more overt acts of defiance or rebellion if not addressed. The biblical narratives illustrate how unresolved, simmering dissatisfaction can ultimately lead to significant challenges to established order and divine mandates.
In conclusion, the significance of subdued complaints within the broader framework of biblical narratives cannot be overstated. These seemingly minor expressions of dissatisfaction represent a potent force capable of undermining faith, eroding trust, and fostering dissent within a community. Analyzing the instances of subdued complaint in the Bible provides valuable insights into the dynamics of human nature and the challenges of leadership in the face of adversity.
3. Against Authority
The dimension of opposition toward established leadership is a critical facet of understanding the biblical usage of the term. Instances of voicing discontent are frequently directed at figures holding positions of authority, be they divinely appointed leaders like Moses, or, more fundamentally, God himself. This opposition arises when the actions or perceived failures of those in authority conflict with the expectations or desires of the individuals or groups expressing grievance. A direct consequence of challenging authority is the disruption of social order and the potential undermining of divinely ordained structures. The importance of this aspect lies in its capacity to reveal the underlying tensions between human expectations and divine sovereignty, as well as the fragility of leadership in the face of widespread dissatisfaction. For example, the repeated complaints of the Israelites against Moses during their exodus from Egypt demonstrate this dynamic, as their discontent questioned his ability to lead them to the promised land, thereby challenging God’s chosen instrument.
Further analyzing this connection highlights the challenges inherent in maintaining authority, especially during periods of hardship or uncertainty. Leaders are often held accountable for circumstances beyond their immediate control, and their decisions are subjected to intense scrutiny. The biblical narratives illustrate the practical difficulties of leadership in such contexts, revealing the potential for even divinely sanctioned authority to be questioned and resisted. Understanding this dynamic allows for a more nuanced interpretation of the motivations behind such opposition, recognizing that it stems from a complex interplay of factors, including perceived injustice, unmet needs, and a lack of faith in the efficacy of leadership.
In summary, the element of challenging authority is inextricably linked to this expression in the Bible, functioning as both a symptom of underlying societal tensions and a catalyst for change or consequence. Examining these instances reveals valuable insights into the dynamics of leadership, the challenges of maintaining social order, and the enduring human tendency to question and, at times, resist established power structures. The recognition of this connection is essential for a comprehensive interpretation of biblical narratives and their relevance to contemporary understanding of authority and its challenges.
4. Israelites’ grievance
The Israelites’ grievances, as documented throughout the Old Testament, are intrinsically linked to the biblical meaning of the term. Their repeated expressions of discontent, often voiced in subdued or collective complaint, exemplify this meaning in action. The causal relationship is clear: hardship, perceived lack of provision, or frustration with leadership served as the impetus for these grievances, which then manifested as spoken or implied criticism, both against Moses and, ultimately, against God. The Israelites’ grievances are not merely isolated incidents but constitute a recurring motif, essential for understanding the theological and historical context of the Exodus and the subsequent wilderness wanderings. For instance, the complaint regarding the lack of water at Rephidim (Exodus 17:3) and the dissatisfaction with the manna (Numbers 11:6) represent specific examples of grievances that triggered divine response and revealed the Israelites’ lack of faith and trust.
These instances underscore the importance of “Israelites’ grievance” as a fundamental component of the terms meaning within the Bible. They demonstrate the practical implications of this behavior, revealing how discontent can lead to rebellion, punishment, and a prolonged period of testing. The narratives surrounding these grievances serve as cautionary tales, highlighting the consequences of doubt and the importance of obedience and trust in divine provision. Furthermore, they provide a framework for understanding the challenges faced by leaders in the face of widespread dissatisfaction and the complex dynamics between human expectations and divine will.
In conclusion, the connection between the Israelites’ grievances and this term within the Bible is critical for a comprehensive understanding of both. Their complaints serve as practical examples of how this concept manifested in real-world situations, providing valuable insights into the nature of faith, leadership, and the consequences of discontent. Recognizing this link is essential for interpreting the historical and theological significance of the Exodus narrative and its enduring lessons regarding the human condition.
5. Divine testing
Divine testing, as a recurring theme in the Bible, provides a crucial framework for understanding instances of subdued complaint or open dissent. The challenges and hardships faced by individuals and communities are often presented as trials intended to refine faith and reveal true character. The responses to these tests, including the expression of grievance, offer insight into the state of one’s relationship with the divine.
-
Manifestation of Doubt
Divine testing often exposes underlying doubts or insecurities about divine power and provision. When faced with adversity, individuals may succumb to complaints that reflect a lack of trust in God’s plan or ability to deliver them. The Israelites’ grievances in the wilderness, despite witnessing God’s miraculous interventions, exemplify this tendency. Their complaints about food and water tested their faith and revealed a lack of resilience in the face of hardship.
-
Opportunity for Growth
While such expressions of discontent are often viewed negatively, divine testing presents an opportunity for spiritual growth and renewed commitment. Confronting challenges and overcoming doubt can strengthen one’s faith and deepen one’s relationship with the divine. Successful navigation of these trials demonstrates reliance on God and leads to greater spiritual maturity.
-
Consequences of Failure
Failure to withstand divine testing, as evidenced by persistent expression of grievance, often carries negative consequences. In the biblical narrative, these consequences range from delayed entry into promised lands to divine judgment. The emphasis is on the importance of maintaining faith and trust in the face of adversity, lest one forfeit the blessings associated with obedience.
-
Revelation of True Intent
Divine testing serves to reveal the true intent of the heart. During times of ease and prosperity, one’s faith may appear strong, but adversity exposes the depth of one’s commitment. Expressions of discontent reveal whether one’s allegiance is truly to the divine or to the fulfillment of personal desires and expectations. This revelation serves as a judgment of character and determines the ultimate outcome of the test.
The concept of divine testing adds a layer of complexity to the understanding of the term in biblical texts. It highlights the importance of interpreting expressions of discontent not merely as isolated complaints but as indicators of the individual’s or community’s response to divine challenges. The narrative underscores the need for faith, trust, and obedience in the face of adversity, as these qualities are essential for withstanding the tests and reaping the rewards of divine favor.
6. Lack of trust
A deficiency in trust is intrinsically linked to the expression of discontent as depicted in biblical narratives. The absence of faith in divine provision or leadership acts as a primary catalyst for such actions. The direct causal relationship is discernible; when confidence in God’s plan or the competence of chosen leaders wanes, individuals and communities are more prone to voicing dissatisfaction. This absence of trust, therefore, functions as a foundational element that underpins instances of subdued complaint or open grievance. The significance of this deficiency cannot be overstated, as it reveals a fundamental disconnect between human expectations and a perceived lack of divine fulfillment. The biblical accounts of the Israelites’ journey through the wilderness provide concrete examples of this dynamic. Faced with hardships and uncertainties, they repeatedly expressed their lack of faith in God’s ability to provide for them, which led to their voiced discontent with Moses and the established order.
Further analysis reveals that “Lack of Trust” has significant practical implications within the biblical context. Such lack of confidence not only undermines the authority of leaders but also hinders the collective progress and spiritual growth of the community. For instance, the Israelites’ failure to trust in God’s promise of the Promised Land resulted in a prolonged period of wandering in the desert, a direct consequence of their expressed grievances and underlying doubt. This illustrates the principle that a lack of confidence can impede the fulfillment of divine promises and the attainment of collective goals. Understanding this connection is vital for interpreting biblical narratives and recognizing the recurrent theme of the importance of faith in the face of adversity. Moreover, it provides insight into the human condition and the challenges inherent in maintaining trust, particularly during times of uncertainty or hardship.
In summary, the association between a deficit of faith and the expression of discontent, as portrayed in biblical texts, highlights the critical role that trust plays in the relationship between humanity and the divine. A lack of confidence in God’s provision or leadership serves as a primary driver for subdued complaints and open grievances, ultimately leading to negative consequences and hindering spiritual progress. Recognizing this connection is essential for interpreting biblical narratives, understanding the challenges of leadership, and appreciating the enduring importance of faith in the face of adversity. This understanding also offers valuable lessons for contemporary society, emphasizing the need for cultivating trust within communities and maintaining faith in the face of challenges.
7. Consequences ensue
The relationship between the expression of discontent within a biblical context and the resultant consequences is a critical element in understanding the significance of such expressions. The act of voicing dissatisfaction, whether directed toward divine authority or divinely appointed leadership, is seldom presented as a neutral occurrence. Instead, biblical narratives consistently portray these expressions as actions that precipitate tangible outcomes. The nature of these outcomes is often directly linked to the severity and nature of the expressed grievance, as well as the response of the authority being challenged. For example, the Israelites’ sustained discontent during their wilderness wanderings resulted in extended periods of hardship, delayed entry into the Promised Land, and, in some instances, direct divine intervention in the form of plagues or other punishments. The accounts serve as stark reminders that actions, even those expressed in subdued or collective discontent, carry weight and can incur repercussions that impact both individuals and entire communities. The importance of “Consequences ensue” as a component of “definition of murmur in the bible” lies in its capacity to transform a mere expression of feeling into an act with significant ramifications.
Further examination reveals the complex interplay between the act of expressing grievance and the nature of the consequences that follow. The context in which the grievance is voiced plays a crucial role in determining the outcome. Expressions of dissatisfaction stemming from genuine hardship or perceived injustice may elicit a different response than those driven by a lack of faith or a rebellious spirit. The biblical narratives also demonstrate that the severity of the consequences often correlates with the degree of defiance exhibited. Subdued complaints may result in minor inconveniences or delayed blessings, while overt rebellion can lead to severe punishment. The consequences, therefore, serve as both a deterrent against unchecked discontent and a validation of the authority being challenged. These consequences often involve more than simply punitive measures; they can also manifest as missed opportunities, spiritual stagnation, or the erosion of community cohesion. These ramifications extend beyond the immediate moment, shaping the future trajectory of individuals and groups.
In conclusion, the understanding that “Consequences ensue” is an integral aspect of the definition, within the context of the Bible, offers a crucial lens for interpreting these narratives. It highlights the importance of considering not only the expression of grievance but also the resultant outcomes as essential components of a complete understanding. While interpreting these consequences, challenges arise when discerning the underlying motivations and intentions behind both the expressions of discontent and the subsequent responses from authority. Nevertheless, recognizing this connection underscores the principle that actions have repercussions and that the expression of dissatisfaction, especially when directed toward divine authority, carries significant weight with both temporal and eternal implications. This insight remains valuable for comprehending the complex dynamics of faith, leadership, and the enduring consequences of human choices as portrayed in scripture.
8. Wilderness setting
The wilderness setting functions as a crucible within biblical narratives, significantly amplifying the frequency and intensity of expressions of discontent. The harsh conditions, scarcity of resources, and inherent uncertainties of the wilderness environment served as constant provocations, fostering an atmosphere ripe for complaint. This context provides a critical lens through which to understand the instances of expressing dissatisfaction recounted in scripture. The lack of familiar comforts, coupled with the constant threat of danger, exacerbated anxieties and challenged the faith of individuals and communities. The repeated complaints of the Israelites during their forty years of wandering directly correlate with the privations and challenges imposed by their surroundings, solidifying the importance of the wilderness as a catalyst for testing faith and revealing underlying doubts.
The wilderness setting, therefore, is not merely a backdrop but an active agent shaping the narrative and influencing human behavior. Specific examples abound in the Pentateuch. The lack of water led to expressions of grievance and questioning of divine guidance (Exodus 17:3). The monotony of manna prompted longing for the perceived variety of food available in Egypt (Numbers 11:4-6). These episodes reveal how environmental stressors can erode trust and lead to challenges against established authority, both human and divine. Practical application of this understanding allows for a more nuanced interpretation of the historical events and a deeper appreciation for the psychological and spiritual challenges faced by those who traversed these harsh landscapes. This connection can also aid in interpreting contemporary situations where individuals or communities face environmental adversity and its subsequent impact on social cohesion and faith.
In summary, the wilderness setting represents a critical component for fully grasping the nature and significance of voicing discontent within biblical contexts. The hardships inherent in these environments directly contributed to the frequency and intensity of these expressions, serving as a catalyst for testing faith and revealing underlying anxieties. Recognizing this link allows for a more profound understanding of the historical events, the human condition, and the enduring challenges of maintaining trust and obedience in the face of adversity. The understanding faces interpretive challenges when attempting to distinguish between legitimate needs or concerns and instances of rebellious complaint. However, examining these narratives through the lens of environmental context offers valuable insights into the dynamics of human behavior and the complexities of the relationship between humanity and the divine.
9. Faith challenged
The concept of faith being tested or placed under duress forms an integral connection with expressions of dissatisfaction as portrayed in biblical scripture. Specifically, these instances of subdued complaint or overt grievance often arise when individuals or communities encounter circumstances that challenge their beliefs, trust in divine provision, or confidence in leadership. The correlation between the challenges to faith and the vocalization of discontent is frequently evident, with hardship, uncertainty, or perceived injustice acting as catalysts for expressing doubt or complaint. The importance of the Faith challenged element in relation to the concept stems from its capacity to reveal the underlying spiritual and psychological state of individuals and communities when confronted with adversity. For instance, the repeated expressions of dissatisfaction by the Israelites during their exodus from Egypt and subsequent wilderness wanderings directly corresponded to their experiences of hunger, thirst, danger, and delay. These challenges to their faith in God’s promise of a land flowing with “milk and honey” were directly linked to their acts of voicing discontent, which ranged from quiet grumbling to open rebellion. These narratives exemplify the direct relationship between a challenged belief system and the emergence of vocalized grievance, highlighting the frailty of trust when confronted with unfavorable circumstances. Understanding this connection is crucial for interpreting biblical narratives and recognizing the recurring theme of testing faith as a means of revealing character and prompting spiritual growth.
An additional layer of complexity lies in recognizing that the response to challenges to faith can manifest in varied ways, not all of which involve voicing dissatisfaction. Some individuals may respond with unwavering trust and steadfast obedience, even in the face of extreme adversity. Others may struggle with doubt, but ultimately reaffirm their faith through prayer, repentance, or acts of service. The instances of discontent highlighted in the Bible often serve as cautionary tales, illustrating the consequences of allowing doubt to erode trust and lead to rebellion. Conversely, narratives of unwavering faith, such as that of Job, demonstrate the potential for spiritual growth and renewed commitment that can emerge from enduring even the most severe trials. This duality underscores the importance of viewing faith as a dynamic and evolving aspect of the human experience, one that is constantly being tested and refined through interaction with the world and the challenges it presents.
In conclusion, the intersection between “faith challenged” and instances of vocalizing dissent reveals a significant dynamic within biblical narratives. Recognizing this connection allows for a nuanced understanding of the underlying causes of discontent, the challenges inherent in maintaining faith during times of adversity, and the potential consequences of allowing doubt to undermine trust in divine guidance. The lessons gleaned from these narratives are relevant to contemporary society, offering insights into the importance of cultivating resilience, maintaining faith in the face of uncertainty, and addressing the root causes of discontent within communities and organizations. Understanding also acknowledges the interpretative difficulties when discerning genuine expressions of need from challenges to authority. This requires a careful examination of context, motivations, and the relationship between those voicing discontent and those in positions of leadership.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses commonly encountered questions and clarifies understandings related to the definition of the term within the context of biblical scriptures.
Question 1: Is the act of voicing dissatisfaction always considered sinful in the Bible?
Not necessarily. The Bible does not uniformly condemn all expressions of discontent. The context, motivations, and manner in which the dissatisfaction is voiced are crucial factors. Expressions stemming from genuine hardship or injustice may be viewed differently than those rooted in a lack of faith or a rebellious spirit.
Question 2: What distinguishes a subdued complaint from open rebellion in the Bible?
The distinction lies in the intensity and directness of the challenge to authority. Subdued complaints are often expressed privately or indirectly, reflecting an underlying unease or dissatisfaction. Open rebellion involves direct defiance and a challenge to the established order, often with the intent of overturning it.
Question 3: How does the wilderness setting contribute to the understanding of this behavior in the Bible?
The harsh conditions and scarcity of resources characteristic of the wilderness environment served as catalysts for testing faith and revealing underlying doubts. The challenges inherent in the wilderness often led to increased expressions of discontent, highlighting the human tendency to question and complain in the face of adversity.
Question 4: What role does divine testing play in the context of biblical narratives involving discontent?
Divine testing serves as a means of refining faith and revealing the true character of individuals and communities. The expression of dissatisfaction can be seen as a response to these tests, providing insight into the strength or weakness of one’s trust in divine provision and guidance.
Question 5: Are there instances in the Bible where expressions of dissatisfaction lead to positive outcomes?
While the narratives often emphasize the negative consequences of such behavior, some accounts suggest that expressing concerns can, in certain circumstances, prompt positive change. When voiced with genuine concern and a desire for improvement, dissatisfaction can lead to a reevaluation of policies or practices and a strengthening of the relationship between leaders and followers.
Question 6: What lessons can be drawn from the biblical understanding of this term for contemporary society?
The biblical narratives offer insights into the importance of maintaining faith in the face of adversity, addressing the root causes of discontent within communities, and fostering effective communication between leaders and followers. The understanding also encourages responsible expression of concerns while emphasizing the potential consequences of unchecked dissatisfaction.
In conclusion, grasping the nuances of this term involves careful consideration of context, motivations, and the impact of challenging circumstances on faith and obedience. Recognizing this complexity is key for comprehending the lessons conveyed within the biblical narratives.
The subsequent section will delve into practical strategies for navigating circumstances that often lead to the expression of such sentiment, drawing from both biblical precedent and contemporary best practices.
Guidance Informed by Biblical Understanding
The following guidance draws from narratives within scripture where this behavior is prominent. Its aim is to provide insights into managing situations where dissatisfaction and the potential for discontent arise.
Tip 1: Cultivate Gratitude:
A consistent practice of gratitude can mitigate the tendency toward complaint. Reflecting on existing blessings and expressing appreciation for provision, even in challenging circumstances, can foster a more positive outlook. Scriptural examples emphasize the importance of remembering past mercies as a source of present strength.
Tip 2: Seek Understanding Before Judgment:
Prior to voicing discontent, an effort should be made to understand the perspective and rationale behind decisions made by those in authority. This involves seeking clarification and engaging in respectful dialogue to gain a more complete picture of the situation. The narratives often show consequences from reacting without full information.
Tip 3: Express Concerns Constructively:
When concerns must be voiced, they should be articulated in a manner that is respectful, specific, and solution-oriented. Avoid generalizations or inflammatory language. Focus on the issue at hand rather than personal attacks or blame. It is critical to follow the example of leaders such as Nehemiah who communicated with respect and directness to effect lasting change.
Tip 4: Focus on Personal Responsibility:
Rather than solely focusing on external factors or the perceived shortcomings of others, consider personal contributions to the situation and identify areas for self-improvement. This can shift the focus from blame to proactive problem-solving, contributing to a more positive and constructive environment.
Tip 5: Maintain Faith During Trials:
When facing hardship or uncertainty, it is essential to actively cultivate and maintain faith in a higher power or guiding principles. Drawing strength from spiritual resources and remembering past instances of deliverance can provide resilience and perspective during challenging times. Examples of faithful endurance under duress abound in the wisdom literature and historical accounts.
Tip 6: Seek Wise Counsel:
When struggling with discontent or uncertainty, seek guidance from trusted advisors or mentors who can offer objective perspectives and sound counsel. Wisdom literature often emphasizes the value of seeking advice from those with experience and discernment. Their insights can provide clarity and help navigate complex situations with greater wisdom.
Tip 7: Remember the Consequences:
Consider the potential ramifications before voicing dissatisfaction, particularly in a public or disruptive manner. Contemplate whether the potential benefits outweigh the risk of damaging relationships, undermining authority, or creating unnecessary conflict. Remind oneself of scriptural accounts where rash expressions led to negative outcomes.
Applying these insights, one can navigate situations prone to grievance with greater wisdom and purpose, fostering an environment of mutual respect and progress.
The subsequent section will summarize the key findings of this exploration and provide a concluding perspective on the significance of understanding this concept.
Conclusion
This exploration has illuminated the multifaceted meaning within biblical texts, revealing its significance as an expression of discontent, frequently directed against authority, and often rooted in a lack of trust or a challenging environment. The recurrent narratives of the Israelites’ journey through the wilderness serve as prime examples, demonstrating the potential consequences of unrestrained grievance, ranging from delayed progress to divine judgment. The analysis has emphasized the importance of context, motivation, and the impact of such expressions on both individuals and communities. Further, the discourse has recognized instances of positive outcomes following complaint when expressed thoughtfully and strategically.
A comprehensive understanding of the term prompts reflection on the balance between acknowledging valid concerns and maintaining faith during times of adversity. Careful introspection regarding the motives that guide the expression of discontent is vital. Recognizing that actions, including the act of voicing dissatisfaction, yield consequences should shape both individual and communal behavior. As these narratives continue to resonate, they challenge individuals to cultivate trust, embrace responsible communication, and seek productive resolutions rather than contributing to discord and stagnation.
